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KMID : 1001020100080010010
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Journal of Urologic Oncology
2010 Volume.8 No. 1 p.10 ~ p.17
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Can We Prevent Prostate Cancer?
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Yoon Duck-Ki
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Abstract
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Prostate cancer remains one of the most common malignancies in western countries and its prevalence is also increasing in Korea. Prostate carcinogenesis is a multistep molecular process induced by genetic and epigenetic changes. The presence of precursor lesions that represent intermediate stages between normal and malignant cells as long as 20 years before the appearance of cancer coupled with the age-dependent incidence of most cancers suggests that carcinogenesis occurs slowly during a protracted interval. This provides the opportunity to intervene before a cancer is established and the high incidence, influence of environmental factors, such as androgen, and extended natural history of prostate cancer also provide multiple opportunities for prevention; therefore prostate cancer is an ideal candidate for chemoprevention, defined as the use of natural or synthetic agents that reverse, inhibit, or prevent the development of malignancy. The development of chemoprevention strategies against prostate cancer would have a huge impact, both medically and economically. Large-scale clinical trials suggest that some agents can prevent the development of prostate cancer. Active research into chemoprevention is ongoing and gathered evidence will provide effective and safe strategies to prevent prostate cancer. This review will highlight the present status of prostate cancer chemoprevention and other mechanisms of prevention, as well as discussing the issues to be addressed.
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KEYWORD
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Prostatic neoplasms, Chemoprevention
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